Continental Ice Distribution Atmospheric CO2 Concentration (ppmv)
نویسنده
چکیده
RESUME L'influence de la catone glaciaire laurentidienne sur Ie climat en Amerique du Nord durant Ie dernier pleniglaciaire. Un modele climatique, compose d'un modele de circulation atmospherique general associe a un modele simple de la couche oceanique mixte, a servi a etudier I'influence de la repartition des glaciers continentaux sur Ie climat de I.Amerique du Nord au dernier pleniglaciaire. Ce modele avait deja servi pour simuler Ie climat au dernier pleniglaciaire; il a montre des changements de temperatures concordant assez bien avec les donnees paleoclimatiques. La repartition des glaces continentales pendant Ie pleniglaciaire selon I'hypothese d'extension maximale de HUGHES et at. (1981) a servi a la model isation. En reponse a I'incorporation des donnees de cetle hypothese, Ie modele fait voir des changements majeurs dans Ie climat de l'Amerique du Nord. La presence de la calotte glaciaire fait ressortir I'influence de I'orographie sur Ie flux tropospherique qui se concretise par une separation des vents d'ouest aux latitudes moyennes durant toutes les saisons, sauf I'ete. Les temperatures hivernales s'abaissent substantiellement dans une vaste region situee au sud de la calotte laurentidienne, bien que Ie refroidissement soit moindre durant rete. Une zone seche se developpe immediatement au sud de la marge glaciaire. Au meme moment, les precipitations augmentent dans la region qui s'etend de rextremite sud-est de la calotte glaciaire jusque dans rAtlantique Nord, a rest. Certains de ces resultats sur la nature du paleoclimat sont similaires aux deductions que les donnees geologiques ont inspirees.
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